LONGi
Ground frame for 60 LONGi Hi-MO 5 LR5-72HBD-545M panels (3×20)
3 rows of 20 panels, 32.70 kW. The Solispec engine chose the profiles, the frame pitch and the footings for three snow and wind zones: Kherson has the lowest load of the regional centres, Cherkasy the median, Chernihiv the highest.
- Power
- 32.70kW
- Steel
- 1,306.7kg
- Posts
- 28
- Bolts
- 460
- Materials
- 168,708₴
- Yield
- 37,238kWh/year
Figures for the median zone (Cherkasy); all three zones are in the table below.
Ground frame designer
Open this frame in the builder
The builder opens with the LONGi Hi-MO 5 LR5-72HBD-545M panel and the 3 × 20 layout; site — Cherkasy. Change the site, the tilt or the profiles and the checks and estimate are recalculated.
- No sign-up
- Snow and wind check
- Drawings and estimate
Three snow and wind zones
The same table designed for three regional centres: with the lowest, the median and the highest combined snow and wind load under DBN V.1.2-2:2006. For another site, open the frame in the builder.
| Parameter | Low loadKherson · S₀ 760 · W₀ 480 | Median loadCherkasy · S₀ 1,520 · W₀ 420 | High loadChernihiv · S₀ 1,720 · W₀ 410 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Posts | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 |
| Rafters | C-channel 100×50×2.5 | C-channel 100×50×2.5 | C-channel 100×50×2.5 |
| Purlins and braces | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 |
| Frames | 11 frames, pitch up to 2,250 mm | 14 frames, pitch up to 1,740 mm | 14 frames, pitch up to 1,740 mm |
| Posts | 22 | 28 | 28 |
| Footings (bored concrete) | 22 pcs, Ø500 mm, depth 1,500 mm | 28 pcs, Ø400 mm, depth 1,300 mm | 28 pcs, Ø350 mm, depth 1,500 mm |
| Concrete | 7.13 m³ | 5.03 m³ | 4.45 m³ |
| Tilt | 30° | 30° | 30° |
| Panel bottom / post top | 600 / 3,078 mm | 600 / 3,078 mm | 600 / 3,078 mm |
| Panel field size | 23,180 × 4,512 mm | 23,180 × 4,512 mm | 23,180 × 4,512 mm |
| Row spacing between tables (no shade on 21 December) | 15,270 mm at noon · 17,170 mm ±2 h | 16,920 mm at noon · 19,550 mm ±2 h | 18,550 mm at noon · 22,050 mm ±2 h |
| Steel | 1,130.1 kg | 1,306.7 kg | 1,326.8 kg |
| Bolts | M10 — 280, M8 — 126 | M10 — 334, M8 — 126 | M10 — 334, M8 — 126 |
| Panel clamps | end 12, middle 114 | end 12, middle 114 | end 12, middle 114 |
| Materials | 160,271 UAH | 168,708 UAH | 167,038 UAH |
| With installation and delivery | 242,788 UAH | 250,860 UAH | 249,190 UAH |
| Per 1 kW | 7,425 UAH/kW | 7,672 UAH/kW | 7,620 UAH/kW |
| Yield | 1,266 kWh/kW · 41,412 kWh/year | 1,139 kWh/kW · 37,238 kWh/year | 1,043 kWh/kW · 34,110 kWh/year |
| Strength σ/fy | 83% | 66% | 71% |
| Deflection / (L/200) | 74% | 45% | 49% |
| Rafter strength | 90% | 93% | 100% |
| Post utilisation | 46% | 47% | 51% |
| Utilisation | 97% | 100% | 99% |
| Depth vs frost depth | ok | ok | ok |
| Bolt utilisation | 26% | 26% | 28% |
| Plate section | 5% | 5% | 6% |
| Not included | engineer to check | engineer to check | engineer to check |
| Checks overall | with a caution | with a caution | with a caution |
Checks and cautions
Member utilisation as the engine computes it. Cautions are checks that pass, but with a small margin.
- Max. frame pitch, mmThe purlins between the frames are used above 80 % (strength or deflection): the structure passes, but the margin is small. A shorter frame pitch or a deeper purlin gives more margin.Kherson: Frame spacing 2 250 mm, 11 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 83%, deflection 74% of L/200 (snow on panel 489 Pa).
- Rafter profileThe rafter is used above 80 %, or the frame's posts stand far apart: the structure passes, but the margin is small.Kherson: Rafter C-channel 100×50×2.5: span between posts 3 485, cantilever 1 262 mm → strength 90%.Cherkasy: Rafter C-channel 100×50×2.5: span between posts 3 485, cantilever 1 262 mm → strength 93%.Chernihiv: Rafter C-channel 100×50×2.5: span between posts 3 485, cantilever 1 262 mm → strength 100%.
- Embedment, mmThe footing resists wind uplift at above 80 % utilisation, or it is shallower than the frost depth. The soil resistance in the calculation is an estimate — check the soil on site.Kherson: Foundation Ø500 × 1 500: 0.295 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 23.3 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 24.0 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 97%.Cherkasy: Foundation Ø400 × 1 300: 0.163 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 15.8 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 15.8 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 100%.Chernihiv: Foundation Ø350 × 1 500: 0.144 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 15.4 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 15.5 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 99%.
- Stock length, mmKherson: Rafter 6 008 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 708 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 4.59 kN vs 18.00 kN (26%), plate 5%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.Cherkasy: Rafter 6 008 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 708 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 4.74 kN vs 18.00 kN (26%), plate 5%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.Chernihiv: Rafter 6 008 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 708 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 5.08 kN vs 18.00 kN (28%), plate 6%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.
Bill of materials
The parts of one table for the median zone (Cherkasy): mark, name, profile, cut length, quantity.
| Mark | Part | Profile | Length, mm | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| П1 | Front post | Tube 60×60×2 | 2,661 | 14 |
| П2 | Rear post | Tube 60×60×2 | 4,403 | 14 |
| Кр1а | Rafter (inclined beam) | C-channel 100×50×2.5 | 300 | 14 |
| Кр1б | Rafter (inclined beam) | C-channel 100×50×2.5 | 5,708 | 14 |
| Н1 | Rafter splice plate | C-channel 100×50×2.5 | 300 | 14 |
| Пк1 | Frame strut | C-channel 60×40×2 | 2,521 | 14 |
| Пк2 | Front frame strut | C-channel 60×40×2 | 3,343 | 14 |
| Х1 | Longitudinal brace (cross) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 2,997 | 4 |
| Р1 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р2 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р3 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р4 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р5 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р6 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р7 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 5,180 | 3 |
| Р8 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 5,180 | 3 |
| — | Bolt M10×80 / M10×25 set · frame and struts / purlins, braces, connectors | — | — | 88 |
| — | Bolt M10×90 set · strut to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 14 |
| — | Bolt M10×120 set · purlin to rafter | — | — | 84 |
| — | Bolt M10×130 set · post–rafter, strut to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 70 |
| — | Bolt M10×140 set · strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | — | — | 14 |
| — | Bolt M10×150 set · brace to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 8 |
| — | Bolt M10×25 set · rafter splice (plate Н1) | — | — | 56 |
| — | End clamp 35 mm | — | — | 12 |
| — | Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | — | — | 114 |
| — | Bolt M8×55 + channel nut | — | — | 126 |
| — | Concrete for 28 posts, Ø400×1300 | — | — | 5.03 m³ |
Profile cutting
77 bars of 6,000 mm, 420.4 m of profile in total.
- Tube 60×60×221 bars
- C-channel 100×50×2.516 bars
- C-channel 60×40×240 bars
Estimated cost
The engine's materials estimate for the median zone (Cherkasy).
- Materials
- 168,708₴
- With installation and delivery
- 250,860₴
- Per 1 kW
- 7,672UAH/kW
Prices are the typical market prices built into the Solispec engine, as of 06.10.2026; no margin, no VAT.
All 26 lines of the engine's estimate, with prices
| Item | Quantity | Price, UAH | Sum, UAH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tube 60×60×2, stock length 6 000 mm | 21 bar | 210 | 26,460 |
| C-channel 100×50×2.5, stock length 6 000 mm | 16 bar | 380 | 36,480 |
| C-channel 60×40×2, stock length 6 000 mm | 40 bar | 230 | 55,200 |
| C-channel connector (splice plate L 300) | 18 pcs | 90 | 1,620 |
| Bolt M10×80 cl. 8.8 set — frame, struts | 14 pcs | 22 | 308 |
| Bolt M10×25 cl. 8.8 set — purlins, braces, connectors | 74 pcs | 22 | 1,628 |
| Bolt M10×90 cl. 8.8 set — strut to post — through spacer inserts | 14 pcs | 27 | 378 |
| Bolt M10×120 cl. 8.8 set — purlin to rafter | 118 pcs | 27 | 3,186 |
| Bolt M10×130 cl. 8.8 set — post–rafter, strut to post — through spacer inserts | 70 pcs | 27 | 1,890 |
| Bolt M10×140 cl. 8.8 set — strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | 14 pcs | 27 | 378 |
| Bolt M10×150 cl. 8.8 set — brace to post — through spacer inserts | 8 pcs | 27 | 216 |
| Bolt M10×25 cl. 8.8 set — rafter splice (plate Н1) | 56 pcs | 22 | 1,232 |
| End clamp 35 mm | 12 pcs | 35 | 420 |
| Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | 114 pcs | 32 | 3,648 |
| Bolt M8×55 A2 + spring channel nut M8 | 139 pcs | 14 | 1,946 |
| Post base anchor pin (M10 / rebar Ø12) | 28 pcs | 20 | 560 |
| Borehole casing (roofing felt / PVC, 300 mm) | 28 pcs | 60 | 1,680 |
| Crushed stone 20–40 for the bottom of the boreholes | 0.35 m³ | 900 | 315 |
| Earth electrode: 2 rods Ø16×1.5 m + strip 40×4 | 1 set | 1,500 | 1,500 |
| Wire PV-3 6 mm² green-yellow | 57 m | 35 | 1,995 |
| Module earthing clip (under the clamp) | 60 pcs | 20 | 1,200 |
| Cable clip, stainless | 180 pcs | 5 | 900 |
| Zinc paint / cold galvanising spray 400 ml | 5 pcs | 350 | 1,750 |
| Concrete M200 for posts | 5.03 m³ | 3,800 | 19,114 |
| Rebar Ø10 (4 bars per post) | 168 m | 28 | 4,704 |
| Spacer inserts / packs — pieces of the same profile (from offcuts): 4 × 71 mm, 14 × 70 mm, 14 × 50 mm, 4 × 30 mm, 14 × 10 mm | 50 pcs | 0 | 0 |
| Materials | 168,708 | ||
Yield
Yield: 1,139 kWh per 1 kW a year, ≈ 37,238 kWh a year in total (median zone, Cherkasy; tilt 30°, the optimum for the latitude is 35.3°).
A preliminary calculation; a design needs an engineer's check. Snow and wind per DBN V.1.2-2:2006 for the regional centre; profiles, footings and estimate by the Solispec engine 0.12.0.