Aiko
Ground frame for 60 Aiko Comet 2N AIKO-A620-MAH72Mw panels (3×20)
3 rows of 20 panels, 37.20 kW. The Solispec engine chose the profiles, the frame pitch and the footings for three snow and wind zones: Kherson has the lowest load of the regional centres, Cherkasy the median, Chernihiv the highest.
- Power
- 37.20kW
- Steel
- 1,621.6kg
- Posts
- 51
- Bolts
- 548
- Materials
- 180,993₴
- Yield
- 42,363kWh/year
Figures for the median zone (Cherkasy); all three zones are in the table below.
Ground frame designer
Open this frame in the builder
The builder opens with the Aiko Comet 2N AIKO-A620-MAH72Mw panel and the 3 × 20 layout; site — Cherkasy. Change the site, the tilt or the profiles and the checks and estimate are recalculated.
- No sign-up
- Snow and wind check
- Drawings and estimate
Three snow and wind zones
The same table designed for three regional centres: with the lowest, the median and the highest combined snow and wind load under DBN V.1.2-2:2006. For another site, open the frame in the builder.
| Parameter | Low loadKherson · S₀ 760 · W₀ 480 | Median loadCherkasy · S₀ 1,520 · W₀ 420 | High loadChernihiv · S₀ 1,720 · W₀ 410 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Posts | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 |
| Rafters | C-channel 100×50×2.5 | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 |
| Purlins and braces | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | C-channel 60×40×2 |
| Frames | 11 frames, pitch up to 2,250 mm | 17 frames, pitch up to 1,420 mm | 14 frames, pitch up to 1,740 mm |
| Posts | 22 | 51 | 42 |
| Footings (bored concrete) | 22 pcs, Ø450 mm, depth 1,900 mm | 51 pcs, Ø400 mm, depth 1,100 mm | 42 pcs, Ø400 mm, depth 1,500 mm |
| Concrete | 7.31 m³ | 7.76 m³ | 8.71 m³ |
| Tilt | 30° | 30° | 30° |
| Panel bottom / post top | 600 / 3,151 mm | 600 / 3,386 mm | 600 / 3,370 mm |
| Panel field size | 23,200 × 4,639 mm | 23,200 × 4,968 mm | 23,200 × 4,977 mm |
| Row spacing between tables (no shade on 21 December) | 15,720 mm at noon · 17,680 mm ±2 h | 17,420 mm at noon · 20,120 mm ±2 h | 19,100 mm at noon · 22,700 mm ±2 h |
| Steel | 1,177.8 kg | 1,621.6 kg | 1,463.4 kg |
| Bolts | M10 — 280, M8 — 126 | M10 — 422, M8 — 126 | M10 — 362, M8 — 126 |
| Panel clamps | end 12, middle 114 | end 12, middle 114 | end 12, middle 114 |
| Materials | 173,683 UAH | 180,993 UAH | 184,440 UAH |
| With installation and delivery | 267,450 UAH | 275,305 UAH | 278,760 UAH |
| Per 1 kW | 7,190 UAH/kW | 7,401 UAH/kW | 7,494 UAH/kW |
| Yield | 1,266 kWh/kW · 47,111 kWh/year | 1,139 kWh/kW · 42,363 kWh/year | 1,043 kWh/kW · 38,804 kWh/year |
| Strength σ/fy | 86% | 82% | 73% |
| Deflection / (L/200) | 76% | 58% | 50% |
| Rafter strength | 95% | 72% | 95% |
| Post utilisation | 49% | 46% | 60% |
| Utilisation | 91% | 100% | 88% |
| Depth vs frost depth | ok | ok | ok |
| Bolt utilisation | 26% | 17% | 23% |
| Plate section | 5% | 8% | 11% |
| Not included | engineer to check | engineer to check | engineer to check |
| Post utilisation П3 | — | 14% | 18% |
| Checks overall | with a caution | with a caution | with a caution |
Checks and cautions
Member utilisation as the engine computes it. Cautions are checks that pass, but with a small margin.
- Max. frame pitch, mmThe purlins between the frames are used above 80 % (strength or deflection): the structure passes, but the margin is small. A shorter frame pitch or a deeper purlin gives more margin.Kherson: Frame spacing 2 250 mm, 11 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 86%, deflection 76% of L/200 (snow on panel 489 Pa).Cherkasy: Frame spacing 1 420 mm, 17 frames. Purlin C-channel 41×41×2.5: strength 82%, deflection 58% of L/200 (snow on panel 977 Pa).
- Rafter profileThe rafter is used above 80 %, or the frame's posts stand far apart: the structure passes, but the margin is small.Kherson: Rafter C-channel 100×50×2.5: span between posts 3 578, cantilever 1 295 mm → strength 95%.Chernihiv: Rafter · Tube 60×60×2 · 3 posts, spans between posts 2 191 mm, cantilever 894 mm — continuous beam on 3 supports → strength 95%.
- Embedment, mmThe footing resists wind uplift at above 80 % utilisation, or it is shallower than the frost depth. The soil resistance in the calculation is an estimate — check the soil on site.Kherson: Foundation Ø450 × 1 900: 0.302 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 24.1 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 26.7 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 91%.Cherkasy: Foundation Ø400 × 1 100: 0.138 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 13.3 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 13.4 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 100%.Chernihiv: Foundation Ø400 × 1 500: 0.188 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 16.0 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 18.2 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 88%.
- Stock length, mmKherson: Rafter 6 169 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 869 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 4.61 kN vs 18.00 kN (26%), plate 5%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.Cherkasy: Rafter 6 169 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 869 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 3.88 kN vs 22.27 kN (17%), plate 8%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.Chernihiv: Rafter 6 169 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 869 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 5.09 kN vs 22.27 kN (23%), plate 11%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.
Bill of materials
The parts of one table for the median zone (Cherkasy): mark, name, profile, cut length, quantity.
| Mark | Part | Profile | Length, mm | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| П1 | Front post | Tube 60×60×2 | 2,321 | 17 |
| П2 | Rear post | Tube 60×60×2 | 4,511 | 17 |
| П3 | Middle post | Tube 60×60×2 | 3,416 | 17 |
| Кр1а | Rafter (inclined beam) | Tube 60×60×2 | 300 | 17 |
| Кр1б | Rafter (inclined beam) | Tube 60×60×2 | 5,869 | 17 |
| Н1 | Rafter splice plate | Tube 60×60×2 | 300 | 17 |
| Пк1 | Frame strut | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 2,807 | 17 |
| Пк2 | Front frame strut | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 1,819 | 17 |
| Х1 | Longitudinal brace (cross) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 3,088 | 4 |
| Р1 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р2 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р3 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р4 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р5 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р6 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р7 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 5,200 | 3 |
| Р8 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 5,200 | 3 |
| — | Bolt M10×140 / M10×80 set · frame and struts / purlins, braces, connectors | — | — | 312 |
| — | Bolt M10×110 set · brace to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 4 |
| — | Bolt M10×150 set · strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | — | — | 34 |
| — | Bolt M10×160 set · brace to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 4 |
| — | Bolt M10×140 set · rafter splice (plate Н1) | — | — | 68 |
| — | End clamp 33 mm | — | — | 12 |
| — | Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | — | — | 114 |
| — | Bolt M8×50 + channel nut | — | — | 126 |
| — | Concrete for 51 posts, Ø400×1100 | — | — | 7.75 m³ |
Profile cutting
92 bars of 6,000 mm, 514.4 m of profile in total.
- Tube 60×60×251 bars
- C-channel 41×41×2.541 bars
Estimated cost
The engine's materials estimate for the median zone (Cherkasy).
- Materials
- 180,993₴
- With installation and delivery
- 275,305₴
- Per 1 kW
- 7,401UAH/kW
Prices are the typical market prices built into the Solispec engine, as of 06.10.2026; no margin, no VAT.
All 23 lines of the engine's estimate, with prices
| Item | Quantity | Price, UAH | Sum, UAH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tube 60×60×2, stock length 6 000 mm | 51 bar | 210 | 64,260 |
| C-channel 41×41×2.5, stock length 6 000 mm | 41 bar | 200 | 49,200 |
| C-channel connector (splice plate L 300) | 18 pcs | 90 | 1,620 |
| Bolt M10×140 cl. 8.8 set — frame, struts | 136 pcs | 22 | 2,992 |
| Bolt M10×80 cl. 8.8 set — purlins, braces, connectors | 219 pcs | 22 | 4,818 |
| Bolt M10×110 cl. 8.8 set — brace to post — through spacer inserts | 4 pcs | 27 | 108 |
| Bolt M10×150 cl. 8.8 set — strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | 34 pcs | 27 | 918 |
| Bolt M10×160 cl. 8.8 set — brace to post — through spacer inserts | 4 pcs | 27 | 108 |
| Bolt M10×140 cl. 8.8 set — rafter splice (plate Н1) | 68 pcs | 22 | 1,496 |
| End clamp 33 mm | 12 pcs | 35 | 420 |
| Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | 114 pcs | 32 | 3,648 |
| Bolt M8×50 A2 + spring channel nut M8 | 139 pcs | 14 | 1,946 |
| Post base anchor pin (M10 / rebar Ø12) | 51 pcs | 20 | 1,020 |
| Borehole casing (roofing felt / PVC, 300 mm) | 51 pcs | 60 | 3,060 |
| Crushed stone 20–40 for the bottom of the boreholes | 0.64 m³ | 900 | 576 |
| Earth electrode: 2 rods Ø16×1.5 m + strip 40×4 | 1 set | 1,500 | 1,500 |
| Wire PV-3 6 mm² green-yellow | 63 m | 35 | 2,205 |
| Module earthing clip (under the clamp) | 60 pcs | 20 | 1,200 |
| Cable clip, stainless | 180 pcs | 5 | 900 |
| Zinc paint / cold galvanising spray 400 ml | 6 pcs | 350 | 2,100 |
| Concrete M200 for posts | 7.75 m³ | 3,800 | 29,450 |
| Rebar Ø10 (4 bars per post) | 266 m | 28 | 7,448 |
| Spacer inserts / packs — pieces of the same profile (from offcuts): 4 × 71 mm, 34 × 70 mm, 4 × 30 mm, 34 × 10 mm | 76 pcs | 0 | 0 |
| Materials | 180,993 | ||
Yield
Yield: 1,139 kWh per 1 kW a year, ≈ 42,363 kWh a year in total (median zone, Cherkasy; tilt 30°, the optimum for the latitude is 35.3°).
A preliminary calculation; a design needs an engineer's check. Snow and wind per DBN V.1.2-2:2006 for the regional centre; profiles, footings and estimate by the Solispec engine 0.12.0.