Aiko
Ground frame for 30 Aiko Comet 2N AIKO-A620-MAH72Mw panels (3×10)
3 rows of 10 panels, 18.60 kW. The Solispec engine chose the profiles, the frame pitch and the footings for three snow and wind zones: Kherson has the lowest load of the regional centres, Cherkasy the median, Chernihiv the highest.
- Power
- 18.60kW
- Steel
- 863.8kg
- Posts
- 27
- Bolts
- 280
- Materials
- 96,309₴
- Yield
- 21,181kWh/year
Figures for the median zone (Cherkasy); all three zones are in the table below.
Ground frame designer
Open this frame in the builder
The builder opens with the Aiko Comet 2N AIKO-A620-MAH72Mw panel and the 3 × 10 layout; site — Cherkasy. Change the site, the tilt or the profiles and the checks and estimate are recalculated.
- No sign-up
- Snow and wind check
- Drawings and estimate
Three snow and wind zones
The same table designed for three regional centres: with the lowest, the median and the highest combined snow and wind load under DBN V.1.2-2:2006. For another site, open the frame in the builder.
| Parameter | Low loadKherson · S₀ 760 · W₀ 480 | Median loadCherkasy · S₀ 1,520 · W₀ 420 | High loadChernihiv · S₀ 1,720 · W₀ 410 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Posts | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 |
| Rafters | C-channel 100×50×2.5 | Tube 60×60×2 | C-channel 100×50×2.5 |
| Purlins and braces | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | C-channel 60×40×2 |
| Frames | 6 frames, pitch up to 2,200 mm | 9 frames, pitch up to 1,400 mm | 8 frames, pitch up to 1,600 mm |
| Posts | 12 | 27 | 16 |
| Footings (bored concrete) | 12 pcs, Ø500 mm, depth 1,500 mm | 27 pcs, Ø400 mm, depth 1,100 mm | 16 pcs, Ø350 mm, depth 1,500 mm |
| Concrete | 3.89 m³ | 4.11 m³ | 2.54 m³ |
| Tilt | 30° | 30° | 30° |
| Panel bottom / post top | 600 / 3,151 mm | 600 / 3,386 mm | 600 / 3,151 mm |
| Panel field size | 11,660 × 4,639 mm | 11,660 × 4,968 mm | 11,660 × 4,639 mm |
| Row spacing between tables (no shade on 21 December) | 15,720 mm at noon · 17,680 mm ±2 h | 17,420 mm at noon · 20,120 mm ±2 h | 19,100 mm at noon · 22,700 mm ±2 h |
| Steel | 625.2 kg | 863.8 kg | 757.6 kg |
| Bolts | M10 — 142, M8 — 66 | M10 — 214, M8 — 66 | M10 — 178, M8 — 66 |
| Panel clamps | end 12, middle 54 | end 12, middle 54 | end 12, middle 54 |
| Materials | 89,228 UAH | 96,309 UAH | 99,066 UAH |
| With installation and delivery | 136,723 UAH | 144,201 UAH | 146,460 UAH |
| Per 1 kW | 7,351 UAH/kW | 7,753 UAH/kW | 7,874 UAH/kW |
| Yield | 1,266 kWh/kW · 23,556 kWh/year | 1,139 kWh/kW · 21,181 kWh/year | 1,043 kWh/kW · 19,402 kWh/year |
| Strength σ/fy | 82% | 80% | 62% |
| Deflection / (L/200) | 71% | 55% | 39% |
| Rafter strength | 93% | 71% | 97% |
| Post utilisation | 48% | 45% | 50% |
| Utilisation | 98% | 98% | 95% |
| Depth vs frost depth | ok | ok | ok |
| Bolt utilisation | 25% | 17% | 26% |
| Plate section | 5% | 8% | 5% |
| Not included | engineer to check | engineer to check | engineer to check |
| Post utilisation П3 | — | 14% | — |
| Checks overall | with a caution | with a caution | with a caution |
Checks and cautions
Member utilisation as the engine computes it. Cautions are checks that pass, but with a small margin.
- Max. frame pitch, mmThe purlins between the frames are used above 80 % (strength or deflection): the structure passes, but the margin is small. A shorter frame pitch or a deeper purlin gives more margin.Kherson: Frame spacing 2 200 mm, 6 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 82%, deflection 71% of L/200 (snow on panel 489 Pa).
- Rafter profileThe rafter is used above 80 %, or the frame's posts stand far apart: the structure passes, but the margin is small.Kherson: Rafter C-channel 100×50×2.5: span between posts 3 578, cantilever 1 295 mm → strength 93%.Chernihiv: Rafter C-channel 100×50×2.5: span between posts 3 578, cantilever 1 295 mm → strength 97%.
- Embedment, mmThe footing resists wind uplift at above 80 % utilisation, or it is shallower than the frost depth. The soil resistance in the calculation is an estimate — check the soil on site.Kherson: Foundation Ø500 × 1 500: 0.295 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 23.6 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 24.0 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 98%.Cherkasy: Foundation Ø400 × 1 100: 0.138 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 13.1 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 13.4 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 98%.Chernihiv: Foundation Ø350 × 1 500: 0.144 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 14.7 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 15.5 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 95%.
- Stock length, mmKherson: Rafter 6 169 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 869 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 4.51 kN vs 18.00 kN (25%), plate 5%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.Cherkasy: Rafter 6 169 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 869 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 3.83 kN vs 22.27 kN (17%), plate 8%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.Chernihiv: Rafter 6 169 mm is longer than the 6 000 mm stock length — 2 pieces: Кр1а 300, Кр1б 5 869 mm. Splice — plate Н1 L 300 mm of the same profile, back to back, 2+2 bolts M10 cl. 8.8, at 300 mm from the lower end of the rafter, where the moment is small. Bolt: 4.68 kN vs 18.00 kN (26%), plate 5%. Rafter splice — engineer to check: the plate's eccentricity, the C-channel's torsion and the axial force are not included.
Bill of materials
The parts of one table for the median zone (Cherkasy): mark, name, profile, cut length, quantity.
| Mark | Part | Profile | Length, mm | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| П1 | Front post | Tube 60×60×2 | 2,321 | 9 |
| П2 | Rear post | Tube 60×60×2 | 4,511 | 9 |
| П3 | Middle post | Tube 60×60×2 | 3,416 | 9 |
| Кр1а | Rafter (inclined beam) | Tube 60×60×2 | 300 | 9 |
| Кр1б | Rafter (inclined beam) | Tube 60×60×2 | 5,869 | 9 |
| Н1 | Rafter splice plate | Tube 60×60×2 | 300 | 9 |
| Пк1 | Frame strut | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 2,807 | 9 |
| Пк2 | Front frame strut | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 1,819 | 9 |
| Х1 | Longitudinal brace (cross) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 3,079 | 4 |
| Р1 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р2 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 6,000 | 3 |
| Р3 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 5,660 | 3 |
| Р4 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 41×41×2.5 | 5,660 | 3 |
| — | Bolt M10×140 / M10×80 set · frame and struts / purlins, braces, connectors | — | — | 152 |
| — | Bolt M10×110 set · brace to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 4 |
| — | Bolt M10×150 set · strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | — | — | 18 |
| — | Bolt M10×160 set · brace to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 4 |
| — | Bolt M10×140 set · rafter splice (plate Н1) | — | — | 36 |
| — | End clamp 33 mm | — | — | 12 |
| — | Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | — | — | 54 |
| — | Bolt M8×50 + channel nut | — | — | 66 |
| — | Concrete for 27 posts, Ø400×1100 | — | — | 4.11 m³ |
Profile cutting
49 bars of 6,000 mm, 274.4 m of profile in total.
- Tube 60×60×227 bars
- C-channel 41×41×2.522 bars
Estimated cost
The engine's materials estimate for the median zone (Cherkasy).
- Materials
- 96,309₴
- With installation and delivery
- 144,201₴
- Per 1 kW
- 7,753UAH/kW
Prices are the typical market prices built into the Solispec engine, as of 06.10.2026; no margin, no VAT.
All 23 lines of the engine's estimate, with prices
| Item | Quantity | Price, UAH | Sum, UAH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tube 60×60×2, stock length 6 000 mm | 27 bar | 210 | 34,020 |
| C-channel 41×41×2.5, stock length 6 000 mm | 22 bar | 200 | 26,400 |
| C-channel connector (splice plate L 300) | 6 pcs | 90 | 540 |
| Bolt M10×140 cl. 8.8 set — frame, struts | 72 pcs | 22 | 1,584 |
| Bolt M10×80 cl. 8.8 set — purlins, braces, connectors | 102 pcs | 22 | 2,244 |
| Bolt M10×110 cl. 8.8 set — brace to post — through spacer inserts | 4 pcs | 27 | 108 |
| Bolt M10×150 cl. 8.8 set — strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | 18 pcs | 27 | 486 |
| Bolt M10×160 cl. 8.8 set — brace to post — through spacer inserts | 4 pcs | 27 | 108 |
| Bolt M10×140 cl. 8.8 set — rafter splice (plate Н1) | 36 pcs | 22 | 792 |
| End clamp 33 mm | 12 pcs | 35 | 420 |
| Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | 54 pcs | 32 | 1,728 |
| Bolt M8×50 A2 + spring channel nut M8 | 73 pcs | 14 | 1,022 |
| Post base anchor pin (M10 / rebar Ø12) | 27 pcs | 20 | 540 |
| Borehole casing (roofing felt / PVC, 300 mm) | 27 pcs | 60 | 1,620 |
| Crushed stone 20–40 for the bottom of the boreholes | 0.34 m³ | 900 | 306 |
| Earth electrode: 2 rods Ø16×1.5 m + strip 40×4 | 1 set | 1,500 | 1,500 |
| Wire PV-3 6 mm² green-yellow | 35 m | 35 | 1,225 |
| Module earthing clip (under the clamp) | 30 pcs | 20 | 600 |
| Cable clip, stainless | 90 pcs | 5 | 450 |
| Zinc paint / cold galvanising spray 400 ml | 3 pcs | 350 | 1,050 |
| Concrete M200 for posts | 4.11 m³ | 3,800 | 15,618 |
| Rebar Ø10 (4 bars per post) | 141 m | 28 | 3,948 |
| Spacer inserts / packs — pieces of the same profile (from offcuts): 4 × 71 mm, 18 × 70 mm, 4 × 30 mm, 18 × 10 mm | 44 pcs | 0 | 0 |
| Materials | 96,309 | ||
Yield
Yield: 1,139 kWh per 1 kW a year, ≈ 21,181 kWh a year in total (median zone, Cherkasy; tilt 30°, the optimum for the latitude is 35.3°).
A preliminary calculation; a design needs an engineer's check. Snow and wind per DBN V.1.2-2:2006 for the regional centre; profiles, footings and estimate by the Solispec engine 0.12.0.