Germany: solar plant site data
Solar power plant in Kiel, Germany: yield, tilt angle and row spacing
Kiel: 990 kWh per kWp a year at the optimal tilt of 40°, facing south (PVGIS). 5.3% below the median of the main cities of Germany (1,045). #179 of 193 main cities of Germany by yield. For comparison, Kyiv: 1,114 kWh/kWp — 11.2% less here.
Kiel is in Schleswig-Holstein. Population 252,668 (GeoNames). 7 m above sea level. 86 km away: Hamburg, the nearest bigger city, the same 990 kWh/kWp. 19.24 m between rows, pitch 22.90 m, GCR 0.21 (latitude 54.3°).
- Yield of 1 kWp
- 990kWh/year
- Tilt
- 40°facing south
- 10 kW
- 9,895kWh/year
- Row pitch
- 22.90m · GCR 0.21
- Rank in the country
- 179of 193 cities
Ground frame designer
A ground frame for a solar plant: Kiel
Latitude 54.3°: the tilt and the row pitch follow it. Enter the snow and wind for Germany in the designer, by the national annex to the Eurocode.
- No sign-up
- Snow and wind check
- Drawings and estimate
Yield by month
May: 132 kWh/kWp, December: 21 — 6.3 times less.
December: 21 against the median of 30 for the main cities of Germany, 30.0% less.
| kWp | A year | May | December |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 4,948 | 660 | 105 |
| 10 | 9,895 | 1,320 | 210 |
| 15 | 14,843 | 1,980 | 315 |
Fixed tilt facing south
What a table yields at another tilt than the optimal 40° — for roofs and frames with a standard slope.
| Tilt | A year | Against the optimum |
|---|---|---|
| 40° (optimum) | 990 | — |
| 15° | 923 | −6.7% |
| 30° | 979 | −1.0% |
| 45° | 986 | −0.3% |
| 90° | 712 | −28.0% |
Snow and wind loads
Snow and wind loads for a site in Germany follow DIN EN 1991-1-3/NA (snow load zone, Schneelastzone) and DIN EN 1991-1-4/NA (wind zone, Windzone). Solispec computes loads by the Ukrainian DBN V.1.2-2 only, so this page shows no snow or wind values for Germany: enter the characteristic values from these documents in the designer’s «Own snow S0» and «Own wind W0» fields.
The frame calculation for such a site is preliminary: before installation it must be checked by an engineer who works to the country’s standards.
Nearby cities
Sources
- PVGIS © European Union, 2001–2026 — yield, tilt and azimuth, data as of 2026-10-10
- GeoNames (CC BY 4.0) — coordinates, elevation, population and divisions (changed)
- Where to take snow and wind loads from: DIN EN 1991-1-3/NA, DIN EN 1991-1-4/NA
- How these numbers are computed
Preliminary calculation: a design needs an engineer’s check.