Trina
Ground frame for 40 Trina Vertex S+ TSM-500NEG18R.28 panels (2×20)
2 rows of 20 panels, 20.00 kW. The Solispec engine chose the profiles, the frame pitch and the footings for three snow and wind zones: Kherson has the lowest load of the regional centres, Cherkasy the median, Chernihiv the highest.
- Power
- 20.00kW
- Steel
- 630.8kg
- Posts
- 22
- Bolts
- 252
- Materials
- 83,405₴
- Yield
- 22,776kWh/year
Figures for the median zone (Cherkasy); all three zones are in the table below.
Ground frame designer
Open this frame in the builder
The builder opens with the Trina Vertex S+ TSM-500NEG18R.28 panel and the 2 × 20 layout; site — Cherkasy. Change the site, the tilt or the profiles and the checks and estimate are recalculated.
- No sign-up
- Snow and wind check
- Drawings and estimate
Three snow and wind zones
The same table designed for three regional centres: with the lowest, the median and the highest combined snow and wind load under DBN V.1.2-2:2006. For another site, open the frame in the builder.
| Parameter | Low loadKherson · S₀ 760 · W₀ 480 | Median loadCherkasy · S₀ 1,520 · W₀ 420 | High loadChernihiv · S₀ 1,720 · W₀ 410 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Posts | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 |
| Rafters | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 | Tube 60×60×2 |
| Purlins and braces | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 |
| Frames | 10 frames, pitch up to 2,490 mm | 11 frames, pitch up to 2,250 mm | 11 frames, pitch up to 2,250 mm |
| Posts | 20 | 22 | 22 |
| Footings (bored concrete) | 20 pcs, Ø400 mm, depth 1,100 mm | 22 pcs, Ø300 mm, depth 1,300 mm | 22 pcs, Ø300 mm, depth 1,300 mm |
| Concrete | 3.04 m³ | 2.22 m³ | 2.22 m³ |
| Tilt | 30° | 30° | 30° |
| Panel bottom / post top | 600 / 1,981 mm | 600 / 1,981 mm | 600 / 1,981 mm |
| Panel field size | 23,200 × 2,571 mm | 23,200 × 2,571 mm | 23,200 × 2,571 mm |
| Row spacing between tables (no shade on 21 December) | 8,850 mm at noon · 9,940 mm ±2 h | 9,800 mm at noon · 11,320 mm ±2 h | 10,740 mm at noon · 12,770 mm ±2 h |
| Steel | 585.6 kg | 630.8 kg | 666.6 kg |
| Bolts | M10 — 158, M8 — 84 | M10 — 168, M8 — 84 | M10 — 168, M8 — 84 |
| Panel clamps | end 8, middle 76 | end 8, middle 76 | end 8, middle 76 |
| Materials | 82,656 UAH | 83,405 UAH | 87,110 UAH |
| With installation and delivery | 133,616 UAH | 134,337 UAH | 138,537 UAH |
| Per 1 kW | 6,681 UAH/kW | 6,717 UAH/kW | 6,927 UAH/kW |
| Yield | 1,266 kWh/kW · 25,329 kWh/year | 1,139 kWh/kW · 22,776 kWh/year | 1,043 kWh/kW · 20,863 kWh/year |
| Strength σ/fy | 82% | 92% | 99% |
| Deflection / (L/200) | 81% | 82% | 88% |
| Rafter strength | 79% | 98% | 69% |
| Post utilisation | 16% | 20% | 21% |
| Utilisation | 97% | 91% | 89% |
| Depth vs frost depth | ok | ok | ok |
| Checks overall | with a caution | with a caution | with a caution |
Checks and cautions
Member utilisation as the engine computes it. Cautions are checks that pass, but with a small margin.
- Max. frame pitch, mmThe purlins between the frames are used above 80 % (strength or deflection): the structure passes, but the margin is small. A shorter frame pitch or a deeper purlin gives more margin.Kherson: Frame spacing 2 490 mm, 10 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 82%, deflection 81% of L/200 (snow on panel 489 Pa).Cherkasy: Frame spacing 2 250 mm, 11 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 92%, deflection 82% of L/200 (snow on panel 977 Pa).Chernihiv: Frame spacing 2 250 mm, 11 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 99%, deflection 88% of L/200 (snow on panel 1 106 Pa).
- Embedment, mmThe footing resists wind uplift at above 80 % utilisation, or it is shallower than the frost depth. The soil resistance in the calculation is an estimate — check the soil on site.Kherson: Foundation Ø400 × 1 100: 0.138 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 12.9 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 13.4 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 97%.Cherkasy: Foundation Ø300 × 1 300: 0.092 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 10.2 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 11.2 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 91%.Chernihiv: Foundation Ø300 × 1 300: 0.092 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 10.0 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 11.2 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 89%.
- Rafter profileThe rafter is used above 80 %, or the frame's posts stand far apart: the structure passes, but the margin is small.Cherkasy: Rafter C-channel 60×40×2: span between posts 1 892, cantilever 685 mm → strength 98%.
Bill of materials
The parts of one table for the median zone (Cherkasy): mark, name, profile, cut length, quantity.
| Mark | Part | Profile | Length, mm | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| П1 | Front post | Tube 60×60×2 | 2,360 | 11 |
| П2 | Rear post | Tube 60×60×2 | 3,306 | 11 |
| Кр1 | Rafter (inclined beam) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 3,262 | 11 |
| Пк1 | Frame strut | C-channel 60×40×2 | 1,551 | 11 |
| Х1 | Longitudinal brace (cross) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 2,639 | 4 |
| Р1 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р2 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р3 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р4 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р5 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р6 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р7 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 5,200 | 2 |
| Р8 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 5,200 | 2 |
| — | Bolt M10×25 set · purlins, braces, connectors | — | — | 50 |
| — | Bolt M10×80 set · purlin to rafter | — | — | 44 |
| — | Bolt M10×90 set · strut to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 11 |
| — | Bolt M10×120 set · post–rafter | — | — | 44 |
| — | Bolt M10×130 set · strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | — | — | 11 |
| — | Bolt M10×150 set · brace to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 8 |
| — | End clamp 30 mm | — | — | 8 |
| — | Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | — | — | 76 |
| — | Bolt M8×50 + channel nut | — | — | 84 |
| — | Concrete for 22 posts, Ø300×1300 | — | — | 2.22 m³ |
Profile cutting
40 bars of 6,000 mm, 218.6 m of profile in total.
- Tube 60×60×211 bars
- C-channel 60×40×229 bars
Estimated cost
The engine's materials estimate for the median zone (Cherkasy).
- Materials
- 83,405₴
- With installation and delivery
- 134,337₴
- Per 1 kW
- 6,717UAH/kW
Prices are the typical market prices built into the Solispec engine, as of 06.10.2026; no margin, no VAT.
All 23 lines of the engine's estimate, with prices
| Item | Quantity | Price, UAH | Sum, UAH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tube 60×60×2, stock length 6 000 mm | 11 bar | 210 | 13,860 |
| C-channel 60×40×2, stock length 6 000 mm | 29 bar | 230 | 40,020 |
| C-channel connector (splice plate L 300) | 12 pcs | 90 | 1,080 |
| Bolt M10×25 cl. 8.8 set — purlins, braces, connectors | 67 pcs | 22 | 1,474 |
| Bolt M10×80 cl. 8.8 set — purlin to rafter | 44 pcs | 27 | 1,188 |
| Bolt M10×90 cl. 8.8 set — strut to post — through spacer inserts | 11 pcs | 27 | 297 |
| Bolt M10×120 cl. 8.8 set — post–rafter | 44 pcs | 27 | 1,188 |
| Bolt M10×130 cl. 8.8 set — strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | 11 pcs | 27 | 297 |
| Bolt M10×150 cl. 8.8 set — brace to post — through spacer inserts | 8 pcs | 27 | 216 |
| End clamp 30 mm | 8 pcs | 35 | 280 |
| Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | 76 pcs | 32 | 2,432 |
| Bolt M8×50 A2 + spring channel nut M8 | 93 pcs | 14 | 1,302 |
| Post base anchor pin (M10 / rebar Ø12) | 22 pcs | 20 | 440 |
| Borehole casing (roofing felt / PVC, 300 mm) | 22 pcs | 60 | 1,320 |
| Crushed stone 20–40 for the bottom of the boreholes | 0.16 m³ | 900 | 144 |
| Earth electrode: 2 rods Ø16×1.5 m + strip 40×4 | 1 set | 1,500 | 1,500 |
| Wire PV-3 6 mm² green-yellow | 51 m | 35 | 1,785 |
| Module earthing clip (under the clamp) | 40 pcs | 20 | 800 |
| Cable clip, stainless | 120 pcs | 5 | 600 |
| Zinc paint / cold galvanising spray 400 ml | 3 pcs | 350 | 1,050 |
| Concrete M200 for posts | 2.22 m³ | 3,800 | 8,436 |
| Rebar Ø10 (4 bars per post) | 132 m | 28 | 3,696 |
| Spacer inserts / packs — pieces of the same profile (from offcuts): 4 × 71 mm, 11 × 70 mm, 4 × 30 mm, 11 × 10 mm | 30 pcs | 0 | 0 |
| Materials | 83,405 | ||
Yield
Yield: 1,139 kWh per 1 kW a year, ≈ 22,776 kWh a year in total (median zone, Cherkasy; tilt 30°, the optimum for the latitude is 35.3°).
A preliminary calculation; a design needs an engineer's check. Snow and wind per DBN V.1.2-2:2006 for the regional centre; profiles, footings and estimate by the Solispec engine 0.12.0.