Trina
Ground frame for 20 Trina Vertex S+ TSM-500NEG18R.28 panels (2×10)
2 rows of 10 panels, 10.00 kW. The Solispec engine chose the profiles, the frame pitch and the footings for three snow and wind zones: Kherson has the lowest load of the regional centres, Cherkasy the median, Chernihiv the highest.
- Power
- 10.00kW
- Steel
- 345.7kg
- Posts
- 12
- Bolts
- 130
- Materials
- 46,154₴
- Yield
- 11,388kWh/year
Figures for the median zone (Cherkasy); all three zones are in the table below.
Ground frame designer
Open this frame in the builder
The builder opens with the Trina Vertex S+ TSM-500NEG18R.28 panel and the 2 × 10 layout; site — Cherkasy. Change the site, the tilt or the profiles and the checks and estimate are recalculated.
- No sign-up
- Snow and wind check
- Drawings and estimate
Three snow and wind zones
The same table designed for three regional centres: with the lowest, the median and the highest combined snow and wind load under DBN V.1.2-2:2006. For another site, open the frame in the builder.
| Parameter | Low loadKherson · S₀ 760 · W₀ 480 | Median loadCherkasy · S₀ 1,520 · W₀ 420 | High loadChernihiv · S₀ 1,720 · W₀ 410 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Posts | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 |
| Rafters | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 80×40×2 |
| Purlins and braces | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 |
| Frames | 6 frames, pitch up to 2,200 mm | 6 frames, pitch up to 2,200 mm | 6 frames, pitch up to 2,200 mm |
| Posts | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Footings (bored concrete) | 12 pcs, Ø400 mm, depth 1,100 mm | 12 pcs, Ø300 mm, depth 1,300 mm | 12 pcs, Ø300 mm, depth 1,300 mm |
| Concrete | 1.83 m³ | 1.21 m³ | 1.21 m³ |
| Tilt | 30° | 30° | 30° |
| Panel bottom / post top | 600 / 1,981 mm | 600 / 1,981 mm | 600 / 1,972 mm |
| Panel field size | 11,660 × 2,571 mm | 11,660 × 2,571 mm | 11,660 × 2,576 mm |
| Row spacing between tables (no shade on 21 December) | 8,850 mm at noon · 9,940 mm ±2 h | 9,800 mm at noon · 11,320 mm ±2 h | 10,740 mm at noon · 12,770 mm ±2 h |
| Steel | 337.1 kg | 345.7 kg | 343.2 kg |
| Bolts | M10 — 86, M8 — 44 | M10 — 86, M8 — 44 | M10 — 86, M8 — 44 |
| Panel clamps | end 8, middle 36 | end 8, middle 36 | end 8, middle 36 |
| Materials | 48,283 UAH | 46,154 UAH | 49,994 UAH |
| With installation and delivery | 74,420 UAH | 72,291 UAH | 76,131 UAH |
| Per 1 kW | 7,442 UAH/kW | 7,229 UAH/kW | 7,613 UAH/kW |
| Yield | 1,266 kWh/kW · 12,664 kWh/year | 1,139 kWh/kW · 11,388 kWh/year | 1,043 kWh/kW · 10,431 kWh/year |
| Strength σ/fy | 64% | 88% | 95% |
| Deflection / (L/200) | 56% | 76% | 82% |
| Rafter strength | 70% | 96% | 70% |
| Post utilisation | 14% | 19% | 21% |
| Utilisation | 85% | 89% | 87% |
| Depth vs frost depth | ok | ok | ok |
| Checks overall | with a caution | with a caution | with a caution |
Checks and cautions
Member utilisation as the engine computes it. Cautions are checks that pass, but with a small margin.
- Embedment, mmThe footing resists wind uplift at above 80 % utilisation, or it is shallower than the frost depth. The soil resistance in the calculation is an estimate — check the soil on site.Kherson: Foundation Ø400 × 1 100: 0.138 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 11.4 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 13.4 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 85%.Cherkasy: Foundation Ø300 × 1 300: 0.092 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 10.0 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 11.2 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 89%.Chernihiv: Foundation Ø300 × 1 300: 0.092 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 9.7 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 11.2 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 87%.
- Max. frame pitch, mmThe purlins between the frames are used above 80 % (strength or deflection): the structure passes, but the margin is small. A shorter frame pitch or a deeper purlin gives more margin.Cherkasy: Frame spacing 2 200 mm, 6 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 88%, deflection 76% of L/200 (snow on panel 977 Pa).Chernihiv: Frame spacing 2 200 mm, 6 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 95%, deflection 82% of L/200 (snow on panel 1 106 Pa).
- Rafter profileThe rafter is used above 80 %, or the frame's posts stand far apart: the structure passes, but the margin is small.Cherkasy: Rafter C-channel 60×40×2: span between posts 1 892, cantilever 685 mm → strength 96%.
Bill of materials
The parts of one table for the median zone (Cherkasy): mark, name, profile, cut length, quantity.
| Mark | Part | Profile | Length, mm | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| П1 | Front post | Tube 60×60×2 | 2,360 | 6 |
| П2 | Rear post | Tube 60×60×2 | 3,306 | 6 |
| Кр1 | Rafter (inclined beam) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 3,262 | 6 |
| Пк1 | Frame strut | C-channel 60×40×2 | 1,551 | 6 |
| Х1 | Longitudinal brace (cross) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 2,596 | 4 |
| Р1 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р2 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р3 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 5,660 | 2 |
| Р4 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 5,660 | 2 |
| — | Bolt M10×25 set · purlins, braces, connectors | — | — | 18 |
| — | Bolt M10×80 set · purlin to rafter | — | — | 24 |
| — | Bolt M10×90 set · strut to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 6 |
| — | Bolt M10×130 set · post–rafter — through spacer inserts | — | — | 24 |
| — | Bolt M10×140 set · strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | — | — | 6 |
| — | Bolt M10×150 set · brace to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 8 |
| — | End clamp 30 mm | — | — | 8 |
| — | Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | — | — | 36 |
| — | Bolt M8×50 + channel nut | — | — | 44 |
| — | Concrete for 12 posts, Ø300×1300 | — | — | 1.21 m³ |
Profile cutting
22 bars of 6,000 mm, 119.9 m of profile in total.
- Tube 60×60×26 bars
- C-channel 60×40×216 bars
Estimated cost
The engine's materials estimate for the median zone (Cherkasy).
- Materials
- 46,154₴
- With installation and delivery
- 72,291₴
- Per 1 kW
- 7,229UAH/kW
The engine's estimate has 23 lines; the full list is in the builder. Prices are the typical market prices built into the Solispec engine, as of 06.10.2026; no margin, no VAT.
Yield
Yield: 1,139 kWh per 1 kW a year, ≈ 11,388 kWh a year in total (median zone, Cherkasy; tilt 30°, the optimum for the latitude is 35.3°).
A preliminary calculation; a design needs an engineer's check. Snow and wind per DBN V.1.2-2:2006 for the regional centre; profiles, footings and estimate by the Solispec engine 0.12.0.