Trina
Ground frame for 20 Trina Vertex S+ TSM-440NEG9RC.27 panels (2×10)
2 rows of 10 panels, 8.80 kW. The Solispec engine chose the profiles, the frame pitch and the footings for three snow and wind zones: Kherson has the lowest load of the regional centres, Cherkasy the median, Chernihiv the highest.
- Power
- 8.80kW
- Steel
- 325.5kg
- Posts
- 12
- Bolts
- 130
- Materials
- 43,838₴
- Yield
- 10,021kWh/year
Figures for the median zone (Cherkasy); all three zones are in the table below.
Ground frame designer
Open this frame in the builder
The builder opens with the Trina Vertex S+ TSM-440NEG9RC.27 panel and the 2 × 10 layout; site — Cherkasy. Change the site, the tilt or the profiles and the checks and estimate are recalculated.
- No sign-up
- Snow and wind check
- Drawings and estimate
Three snow and wind zones
The same table designed for three regional centres: with the lowest, the median and the highest combined snow and wind load under DBN V.1.2-2:2006. For another site, open the frame in the builder.
| Parameter | Low loadKherson · S₀ 760 · W₀ 480 | Median loadCherkasy · S₀ 1,520 · W₀ 420 | High loadChernihiv · S₀ 1,720 · W₀ 410 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Posts | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 | Tube 60×60×2 |
| Rafters | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 |
| Purlins and braces | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 | C-channel 60×40×2 |
| Frames | 5 frames, pitch up to 2,710 mm | 6 frames, pitch up to 2,200 mm | 6 frames, pitch up to 2,200 mm |
| Posts | 10 | 12 | 12 |
| Footings (bored concrete) | 10 pcs, Ø400 mm, depth 1,100 mm | 12 pcs, Ø300 mm, depth 1,100 mm | 12 pcs, Ø300 mm, depth 1,300 mm |
| Concrete | 1.52 m³ | 1.03 m³ | 1.21 m³ |
| Tilt | 30° | 30° | 30° |
| Panel bottom / post top | 600 / 1,838 mm | 600 / 1,838 mm | 600 / 1,838 mm |
| Panel field size | 11,660 × 2,324 mm | 11,660 × 2,324 mm | 11,660 × 2,324 mm |
| Row spacing between tables (no shade on 21 December) | 7,950 mm at noon · 8,940 mm ±2 h | 8,810 mm at noon · 10,180 mm ±2 h | 9,660 mm at noon · 11,480 mm ±2 h |
| Steel | 300.6 kg | 325.5 kg | 334.1 kg |
| Bolts | M10 — 76, M8 — 44 | M10 — 86, M8 — 44 | M10 — 86, M8 — 44 |
| Panel clamps | end 8, middle 36 | end 8, middle 36 | end 8, middle 36 |
| Materials | 42,270 UAH | 43,838 UAH | 44,774 UAH |
| With installation and delivery | 65,440 UAH | 66,975 UAH | 67,911 UAH |
| Per 1 kW | 7,436 UAH/kW | 7,611 UAH/kW | 7,717 UAH/kW |
| Yield | 1,266 kWh/kW · 11,145 kWh/year | 1,139 kWh/kW · 10,021 kWh/year | 1,043 kWh/kW · 9,180 kWh/year |
| Strength σ/fy | 87% | 79% | 85% |
| Deflection / (L/200) | 92% | 68% | 73% |
| Rafter strength | 70% | 79% | 85% |
| Post utilisation | 14% | 16% | 17% |
| Utilisation | 92% | 92% | 76% |
| Depth vs frost depth | ok | ok | ok |
| Checks overall | with a caution | with a caution | with a caution |
Checks and cautions
Member utilisation as the engine computes it. Cautions are checks that pass, but with a small margin.
- Max. frame pitch, mmThe purlins between the frames are used above 80 % (strength or deflection): the structure passes, but the margin is small. A shorter frame pitch or a deeper purlin gives more margin.Kherson: Frame spacing 2 710 mm, 5 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 87%, deflection 92% of L/200 (snow on panel 489 Pa).Chernihiv: Frame spacing 2 200 mm, 6 frames. Purlin C-channel 60×40×2: strength 85%, deflection 73% of L/200 (snow on panel 1 106 Pa).
- Embedment, mmThe footing resists wind uplift at above 80 % utilisation, or it is shallower than the frost depth. The soil resistance in the calculation is an estimate — check the soil on site.Kherson: Foundation Ø400 × 1 100: 0.138 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 12.3 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 13.4 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 92%.Cherkasy: Foundation Ø300 × 1 100: 0.078 m³ of concrete per post. Wind uplift on the front post ≈ 8.7 kN (with γ=1.5) vs ≈ 9.5 kN (concrete weight + soil friction, estimate) → 92%.
- Rafter profileThe rafter is used above 80 %, or the frame's posts stand far apart: the structure passes, but the margin is small.Chernihiv: Rafter C-channel 60×40×2: span between posts 1 719, cantilever 622 mm → strength 85%.
Bill of materials
The parts of one table for the median zone (Cherkasy): mark, name, profile, cut length, quantity.
| Mark | Part | Profile | Length, mm | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| П1 | Front post | Tube 60×60×2 | 2,103 | 6 |
| П2 | Rear post | Tube 60×60×2 | 2,963 | 6 |
| Кр1 | Rafter (inclined beam) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 2,964 | 6 |
| Пк1 | Frame strut | C-channel 60×40×2 | 1,427 | 6 |
| Х1 | Longitudinal brace (cross) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 2,527 | 4 |
| Р1 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р2 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 6,000 | 2 |
| Р3 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 5,660 | 2 |
| Р4 | Purlin (rail) | C-channel 60×40×2 | 5,660 | 2 |
| — | Bolt M10×25 set · purlins, braces, connectors | — | — | 18 |
| — | Bolt M10×80 set · purlin to rafter | — | — | 24 |
| — | Bolt M10×90 set · strut to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 6 |
| — | Bolt M10×130 set · post–rafter — through spacer inserts | — | — | 24 |
| — | Bolt M10×140 set · strut to rafter — through spacer inserts | — | — | 6 |
| — | Bolt M10×150 set · brace to post — through spacer inserts | — | — | 8 |
| — | End clamp 30 mm | — | — | 8 |
| — | Mid clamp (30–40 mm) | — | — | 36 |
| — | Bolt M8×50 + channel nut | — | — | 44 |
| — | Concrete for 12 posts, Ø300×1100 | — | — | 1.03 m³ |
Profile cutting
21 bars of 6,000 mm, 113.5 m of profile in total.
- Tube 60×60×26 bars
- C-channel 60×40×215 bars
Estimated cost
The engine's materials estimate for the median zone (Cherkasy).
- Materials
- 43,838₴
- With installation and delivery
- 66,975₴
- Per 1 kW
- 7,611UAH/kW
The engine's estimate has 23 lines; the full list is in the builder. Prices are the typical market prices built into the Solispec engine, as of 06.10.2026; no margin, no VAT.
Yield
Yield: 1,139 kWh per 1 kW a year, ≈ 10,021 kWh a year in total (median zone, Cherkasy; tilt 30°, the optimum for the latitude is 35.3°).
A preliminary calculation; a design needs an engineer's check. Snow and wind per DBN V.1.2-2:2006 for the regional centre; profiles, footings and estimate by the Solispec engine 0.12.0.